"What is the evidence, and what does it mean?" Bill JamesEquivalent Average, R27, Age, On-Base Percentage and Slugging Percentage for every 1980 Blue Jay (and American League leaders).
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The 1980 Toronto Blue Jays
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Games Played By Position:
First Base: John Mayberry 136, Doug Ault 32, Willie Upshaw 14,
Garth Iorg 11, Otto Velez 3
Second Base: Damaso Garcia 138, Garth Iorg 32, Domingo Ramos 2,
Danny Ainge 1, Bob Bailor 1
Shortstop: Alfredo Griffin 155, Bob Bailor 12, Domingo Ramos 2,
Garth Iorg 1
Third Base: Roy Howell 138, Garth Iorg 20, Bob Bailor 11,
Danny Ainge 3, Mike Macha 2, Steve Braun 1
Outfield: Barry Bonnell 122, Lloyd Moseby 104, Bob Bailor 98,
Al Woods 88, Rick Bosetti 51, Joe Cannon 33,
Danny Ainge 29, Garth Iorg 14, Paul Hodgson 11,
Doug Ault 1, Willie Upshaw 1
Catcher: Ernie Whitt 105, Bob Davis 89, Pat Kelly 3, Mike Macha 1
Starting Pitcher: Jim Clancy 34, Dave Stieb 32, Paul Mirabella 22,
Jesse Jefferson 18, Jackson Todd 12, Jack Kucek 12,
Joey McLaughlin 10, Luis Leal 10, Dave Lemanczyk 8,
Balor Moore 3, Mike Barlow 1
Relief Pitcher: Jerry Garvin 61, Joey McLaughlin 45, Mike Barlow 39,
Tom Buskey 33, Balor Moore 28, Mike Willis 20,
Ken Schrom 17, Jesse Jefferson 11, Jack Kucek 11,
Paul Mirabella 11, Bob Bailor 3, Luis Leal 3,
Dave Lemanczyk 2, Dave Stieb 2
Designated Hitter: Otto Velez 97, Doug Ault 21, Steve Braun 13,
Al Woods 13, Willie Upshaw 12, John Mayberry 8,
Lloyd Moseby 6, Barry Bonnell 3, Paul Hodgson 3,
Roy Howell 2, Garth Iorg 2, Danny Ainge 2, Damaso Garcia 1,
Joe Cannon 1, Domingo Ramos 1, Bob Bailor 1
Manager: Bobby Mattick
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1980 in Context
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Under Bobby Mattick, the Jays of 1980 improved by 14 wins and finished ahead
of a team other than the M's for the first time. The Royals swept the
Yankees in the ALCS but lost to the Phillies in the Series:
Runs Scored Per 9 IP Runs Allowed Per 9 IP Winning Percentage
( 1) Detroit 5.09 | ( 1) Oakland 3.93 | ( 1) NYYankees 103-59 .636
( 2) NYYankees 5.04 | ( 2) Baltimore 3.95 | ( 2) Baltimore 100-62 .617
( 3) Milwaukee 5.03 | ( 3) NYYankees 4.07 | ( 3) Kansas City 97-65 .599
( 4) Kansas City 4.99 | ( 4) Milwaukee 4.23 | ( 4) Milwaukee 86-76 .531
( 5) Baltimore 4.96 | ( 5) Kansas City 4.28 | ( 5) Boston 83-77 .519
( 6) Boston 4.73 | ( 6) Minnesota 4.49 | ( 6) Detroit 84-78 .519
( 7) Texas 4.69 | ( 7) White Sox 4.53 | ( 7) Oakland 83-79 .512
( 8) Cleveland 4.65 | ( 8) Detroit 4.64 | ( 8) Cleveland 79-81 .494
( 9) California 4.40 | ( 9) Texas 4.66 | ( 9) Minnesota 77-84 .478
(10) Oakland 4.20 | (10) TORONTO 4.68 | (10) Texas 76-85 .472
(11) Minnesota 4.16 | (11) Boston 4.79 | (11) White Sox 70-90 .438
(12) TORONTO 3.83 | (12) Seattle 4.90 | (12) TORONTO 67-95 .414
(13) Seattle 3.77 | (13) California 5.02 | (13) California 65-95 .406
(14) White Sox 3.68 | (14) Cleveland 5.09 | (14) Seattle 59-103 .364
Avg 4.52 Avg 4.52 1129-1129
Correcting the above for park factor, the '80 Jays had the worst hitting in
the league:
Team Equivalent Average:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
MIL NYY BAL DET KAN TEX CLE OAK CAL BOS MIN SEA CHW TOR
.276 .275 .272 .271 .270 .267 .263 .260 .260 .260 .244 .241 .240 .238
Correcting runs allowed for park factor, the '80 Jays had *better than
average* pitching & defense. The Jays were finally good at something!
Opponents' Equivalent Average:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
BAL NYY MIN OAK KAN MIL TOR CHW DET BOS TEX SEA CLE CAL
.248 .252 .252 .253 .254 .257 .258 .260 .261 .261 .267 .267 .272 .274
Exhibition Stadium's park factor was 1.059 in 1980. In the early 80's the Ex
was a significant hitters' park, according to the data:
Park Factors ((PF-1)*100, hitters' parks first):
1 2 3 4 5 6 6 8 9 10 10 12 13 14
MIN TOR BOS DET SEA KAN CLE CHW BAL NYY CAL TEX MIL OAK
7.3 5.9 4.9 1.9 1.4 .4 .4 -.1 -1.6 -2.6 -2.6 -3.1 -3.6 -7.1
(derived from park factors in Total Baseball, 5th ed., which are based
on data from 1979-1981 except when the park changed; see Glossary)
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'80 Hitters
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This team had a lot of weak hitting, including a lot of low-percentage base-
stealing:
Age EqA BA OBP SLG R27 EqR R RBI HR SB CS PA
Otto Velez 29 R DH .292 .269 .365 .487 6.17 61 54 62 20 0 0 411
Al Woods 26 L OF .288 .300 .363 .480 5.98 60 54 47 15 4 4 410
John Mayberry 31 L 1B .282 .248 .348 .473 5.68 82 62 82 30 0 0 578
Roy Howell 26 L 3B .262 .269 .332 .413 4.71 69 51 57 10 0 0 578
Barry Bonnell 26 R CF .258 .268 .322 .417 4.52 59 55 56 13 3 4 500
Damaso Garcia 25 R 2B .235 .278 .294 .381 3.60 56 50 46 4 13 13 555
Lloyd Moseby 20 L RF .225 .229 .275 .365 3.23 38 44 46 9 4 6 414
Bob Bailor 28 R LF .222 .236 .308 .297 3.10 32 44 16 1 12 8 383
Alfredo Griffin 22 S SS .220 .254 .281 .349 3.04 59 63 41 2 18 23 677
Ernie Whitt was the Jays' catcher of the 80's -- the entire 80's:
Age EqA BA OBP SLG R27 EqR R RBI HR SB CS PA
Ernie Whitt 28 L C .228 .237 .290 .353 3.32 29 23 34 6 1 3 317
Garth Iorg 25 R 2B .220 .248 .286 .329 3.05 20 24 14 2 2 1 234
Rick Bosetti 26 R OF .211 .213 .271 .324 2.73 16 24 18 4 4 6 203
Danny Ainge 21 R OF .206 .243 .257 .315 2.59 8 11 4 0 3 0 113
Bob Davis 28 R C .206 .216 .257 .321 2.57 17 18 19 4 0 0 230
Doug Ault 30 R 1B .205 .194 .266 .306 2.56 11 12 15 3 0 1 158
I remember Joe Cannon -- fast runner:
Age EqA BA OBP SLG R27 EqR R RBI HR SB CS PA
Steve Braun 32 L DH .264 .273 .365 .364 4.78 7 4 9 1 0 0 63
Willie Upshaw 23 L 1B .228 .213 .284 .344 3.32 6 10 5 1 1 0 67
Paul Hodgson 20 R OF .214 .220 .273 .341 2.85 4 5 5 1 0 1 44
Pat Kelly 24 R C .201 .286 .286 .286 2.43 0 0 0 0 0 0 7
Domingo Ramos 22 R 2B .102 .125 .222 .125 .45 0 0 0 0 0 0 18
Joe Cannon 26 L OF -.156 .080 .080 .080 -1.28 -2 16 4 0 2 2 50
Mike Macha 26 R 3B -.202 .000 .000 .000 -2.47 -1 0 0 0 0 0 8
Triples:
Alfredo Griffin 15, Roy Howell 9, Damaso Garcia 7, Barry Bonnell 4,
Otto Velez 3, Bob Bailor 2, John Mayberry 2, Ernie Whitt 2, Al Woods 2,
Danny Ainge 1, Doug Ault 1, Rick Bosetti 1, Paul Hodgson 1, Garth Iorg 1,
Lloyd Moseby 1, Willie Upshaw 1
Doubles (leaders):
Damaso Garcia 30, Roy Howell 28, Alfredo Griffin 26, Lloyd Moseby 24,
Barry Bonnell 22, John Mayberry 19, Al Woods 18, Bob Bailor 14
Times On Base (Hits + Walks) (leaders):
John Mayberry 201, Roy Howell 192, Alfredo Griffin 190, Damaso Garcia 163,
Barry Bonnell 161, Otto Velez 150, Al Woods 149, Bob Bailor 118
Alfredo was a favorite not just of Jays' fans but of opposing pitchers:
Outs (AB-H+CS) (leaders):
Alfredo Griffin 510, Damaso Garcia 405, Roy Howell 386, John Mayberry 377,
Barry Bonnell 343, Lloyd Moseby 306, Bob Bailor 273, Al Woods 265
Strikeout-to-Walk Ratio:
Danny Ainge 14.5, Damaso Garcia 4.6, Lloyd Moseby 3.4, Garth Iorg 3.3,
Alfredo Griffin 2.4, Bob Davis 2.1, Rick Bosetti 1.9, Roy Howell 1.8,
Doug Ault 1.6, Barry Bonnell 1.6, Otto Velez 1.6, Ernie Whitt 1.4,
John Mayberry 1.0, Al Woods .9, Bob Bailor .9
Games Played (leaders):
Alfredo Griffin 155, John Mayberry 149, Roy Howell 142, Damaso Garcia 140,
Barry Bonnell 130, Bob Bailor 117, Lloyd Moseby 114, Al Woods 109
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'80 Starting Pitchers
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Clancy and Stieb were great, making this a slightly better than average
pitching (& defense) team:
Age W L ERA RA* R27 IP EqA BA OBP SLG HR K/9
Jim Clancy 24 R 13 16 3.30 3.70 4.00 250.7 .238 .233 .326 .345 19 5.5
Dave Stieb 22 R 12 15 3.71 4.15 3.87 242.7 .242 .260 .323 .360 12 4.0
Jackson Todd 28 R 5 2 4.02 4.50 5.28 85.0 .262 .276 .337 .461 14 4.7
Paul Mirabella 26 L 5 12 4.34 4.86 5.58 130.7 .269 .294 .374 .423 11 3.7
Jesse Jefferson 31 R 4 13 5.47 6.13 5.06 121.7 .277 .281 .353 .420 12 3.9
Age W L ERA RA* R27 IP EqA BA OBP SLG HR K/9
Luis Leal 23 R 3 4 4.53 5.07 6.14 59.7 .277 .314 .396 .462 6 3.9
Dave Lemanczyk 29 R 2 5 5.40 6.05 5.99 43.3 .285 .322 .375 .462 4 2.1
Jack Kucek 27 R 3 8 6.75 7.56 6.51 68.0 .303 .300 .390 .461 9 4.6
Games Started:
Jim Clancy 34, Dave Stieb 32, Paul Mirabella 22, Jesse Jefferson 18,
Jackson Todd 12, Jack Kucek 12, Joey McLaughlin 10, Luis Leal 10,
Dave Lemanczyk 8, Balor Moore 3, Mike Barlow 1
39 complete games.
Complete Games:
Jim Clancy 15, Dave Stieb 14, Jackson Todd 4, Paul Mirabella 3,
Jesse Jefferson 2, Luis Leal 1
3 Jays worked on average into the 8th inning:
Innings Pitched Per Game (IP/G):
Jim Clancy 7.4, Dave Stieb 7.1, Jackson Todd 7.1, Luis Leal 4.6,
Dave Lemanczyk 4.3, Jesse Jefferson 4.2, Paul Mirabella 4.0,
Jack Kucek 3.0
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'80 Relief Pitchers
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I had forgotten that Jerry Garvin had some really good years for the Jays out
of the pen:
Age W L ERA RA* R27 IP EqA BA OBP SLG HR K/9
Jerry Garvin 24 L 4 7 2.29 2.56 3.40 82.7 .215 .233 .297 .345 6 5.7
Mike Barlow 32 R 3 1 4.09 4.58 4.54 55.0 .255 .273 .339 .391 4 3.1
Tom Buskey 33 R 3 1 4.45 4.98 5.30 66.7 .267 .278 .347 .468 11 4.6
Joey McLaughlin 23 R 6 9 4.51 5.05 5.66 135.7 .272 .302 .366 .459 16 4.6
Balor Moore 29 L 1 1 5.29 5.92 5.80 64.7 .282 .309 .386 .451 6 3.1
After the season, 'reliever' Bob Bailor was traded to the Mets for reliever
Roy Lee Jackson, which was inexplicable because Bailor was the only Jays'
hurler not to give up a home run :-)
Age W L ERA RA* R27 IP EqA BA OBP SLG HR K/9
Mike Willis 29 L 2 1 1.71 1.91 4.42 26.3 .220 .248 .321 .389 3 4.8
Ken Schrom 25 R 1 0 5.23 5.86 5.15 31.0 .275 .274 .375 .386 2 3.8
Bob Bailor 28 R 0 0 7.71 8.63 7.33 2.3 .319 .364 .417 .451 0 .0
Relief Appearances:
Jerry Garvin 61, Joey McLaughlin 45, Mike Barlow 39, Tom Buskey 33,
Balor Moore 28, Mike Willis 20, Ken Schrom 17, Jesse Jefferson 11,
Jack Kucek 11, Paul Mirabella 11, Bob Bailor 3, Luis Leal 3,
Dave Lemanczyk 2, Dave Stieb 2
Saves:
Jerry Garvin 8, Mike Barlow 5, Joey McLaughlin 4, Mike Willis 3,
Jack Kucek 1, Balor Moore 1, Ken Schrom 1
Innings Pitched Per Game (IP/G):
Joey McLaughlin 2.5, Balor Moore 2.1, Tom Buskey 2.0, Ken Schrom 1.8,
Mike Barlow 1.4, Jerry Garvin 1.4, Mike Willis 1.3, Bob Bailor .8
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1980 American League Leaders
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George Brett won the MVP award with a fantastic .371 EqA, though in not quite
a full-season. Rickey Henderson was just 10th in the voting despite leading
in Equivalent Runs:
Top 14 Hitters by EqA (minimum 362 plate appearances):
EqA BA OBP SLG R27 EqR R RBI HR SB CS PA
George Brett KAN 3B .371 .390 .460 .664 10.69 120 87 118 24 15 6 507
Jason Thompson CAL 1B .342 .317 .442 .526 8.45 75 59 70 17 2 0 382
Reggie Jackson NYY OF .336 .300 .397 .597 8.08 121 94 111 41 1 2 597
Cecil Cooper MIL 1B .325 .352 .390 .539 7.36 126 96 122 25 17 6 661
Rickey Henderson OAK OF .318 .303 .418 .399 6.72 128 111 53 9 100 26 708
Ben Oglivie MIL OF .317 .304 .362 .563 6.90 122 94 118 41 11 9 646
Willie Randolph NYY 2B .315 .294 .427 .407 6.85 104 99 46 7 30 5 632
Ken Singleton BAL OF .313 .304 .399 .485 6.81 114 85 104 24 0 2 675
Buddy Bell TEX 3B .311 .329 .379 .498 6.59 91 76 83 17 3 1 530
Champ Summers DET DH .308 .297 .388 .504 6.81 67 61 60 17 4 3 399
Eddie Murray BAL 1B .304 .300 .356 .519 6.37 114 100 116 32 7 2 675
Fred Lynn BOS OF .303 .301 .387 .480 6.70 75 67 61 12 12 0 473
Al Bumbry BAL OF .302 .318 .391 .433 6.25 116 118 53 9 44 11 723
Dave Revering OAK 1B .301 .290 .346 .492 5.85 68 48 62 15 1 0 408
Jim Clancy appears to have pitched better than Cy Young award winner Steve
Stone. Stieb was perhaps better as well. Mike Norris should have won the Cy
Young award but finished 2nd:
Top 14 Starting Pitchers by EqA (minimum 146.7 innings pitched):
W L ERA RA* R27 IP EqA BA OBP SLG HR K/9
Rudy May NYY 15 5 2.46 2.75 2.96 175.3 .219 .224 .268 .338 14 6.8
Mike Norris OAK 22 9 2.53 2.83 2.69 284.3 .220 .209 .268 .307 18 5.7
Britt Burns CHW 15 13 2.84 3.18 3.42 238.0 .229 .241 .291 .352 17 5.0
Larry Gura KAN 18 10 2.95 3.30 3.76 283.3 .235 .255 .304 .368 20 3.6
Jim Clancy TOR 13 16 3.30 3.70 4.00 250.7 .238 .233 .326 .345 19 5.5
Roger Erickson MIN 7 13 3.25 3.64 4.17 191.3 .238 .268 .319 .381 13 4.6
Dave Stieb TOR 12 15 3.71 4.15 3.87 242.7 .242 .260 .323 .360 12 4.0
Matt Keough OAK 16 13 2.92 3.27 3.82 250.0 .243 .236 .306 .364 24 4.4
Floyd Bannister SEA 9 13 3.47 3.89 3.87 217.7 .243 .239 .295 .376 24 6.4
Moose Haas MIL 16 15 3.10 3.47 3.93 252.3 .243 .258 .299 .393 25 5.2
Steve Stone BAL 25 7 3.23 3.62 3.94 250.7 .243 .240 .314 .363 22 5.3
Scott McGregor BAL 20 8 3.32 3.72 3.85 252.0 .244 .265 .307 .375 16 4.3
Tommy John NYY 22 9 3.43 3.84 3.74 265.3 .245 .268 .307 .368 13 2.6
Darrell Jackson MIN 9 9 3.87 4.33 4.16 172.0 .246 .250 .323 .374 15 4.7
Jerry Garvin was one of the best relievers in 1980. Dan Quisenberry was 5th in
the Cy Young voting and 8th in the MVP voting but was only 10th on my list:
Top 7 Relievers by EqA (minimum 50 innings or 10 saves):
W L ERA RA* R27 IP EqA BA OBP SLG HR K/9
Doug Corbett MIN 8 6 1.98 2.22 2.69 136.3 .198 .213 .276 .304 7 5.9
Tom Burgmeier BOS 5 4 2.00 2.24 2.87 99.0 .203 .241 .281 .322 3 4.9
Rich Gossage NYY 6 2 2.27 2.54 2.85 99.0 .213 .211 .286 .301 5 9.4
Jerry Garvin TOR 4 7 2.29 2.56 3.40 82.7 .215 .233 .297 .345 6 5.7
Tim Stoddard BAL 5 3 2.51 2.81 3.32 86.0 .224 .233 .317 .307 2 6.7
Andy Hassler CAL 5 1 2.49 2.79 3.58 83.0 .228 .214 .297 .336 8 8.1
Doug Bird NYY 3 0 2.66 2.98 3.64 50.7 .232 .257 .310 .364 3 3.0
. . .
Dan Quisenberry KAN 12 7 3.09 3.46 3.59 128.3 .235 .265 .304 .357 5 2.6
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Theory Stuff, 1980
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The Jays finally beat their Pythagorean record:
Pythagorean WPct Missed Wins
( 1) BAL 98-64 .603 | ( 1) MIL 8
( 2) NYY 97-65 .597 | ( 2) CAL 5
( 3) MIL 94-68 .579 | ( 3) TEX 5
( 4) KAN 92-70 .570 | ( 4) DET 4
( 5) DET 88-74 .542 | ( 5) SEA 3
( 6) OAK 86-76 .530 | ( 6) OAK 3
( 7) TEX 81-80 .502 | ( 7) TOR -1
( 8) BOS 79-81 .494 | ( 8) MIN -2
( 9) MIN 75-86 .465 | ( 9) BAL -2
(10) CLE 73-87 .459 | (10) BOS -4
(11) CAL 70-90 .440 | (11) KAN -5
(12) TOR 66-96 .410 | (12) CHW -5
(13) CHW 65-95 .406 | (13) CLE -6
(14) SEA 62-100 .382 | (14) NYY -6
Note: PythagWPct = RF^1.83 / ( RF^1.83 + RA^1.83 )
where RF=Runs For and RA=Runs Against
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Glossary
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General:
Equivalent Average (EqA): corrects runs per 9 innings for park factor and
rescales so that .260 is average and .300 represents excellence every year:
EqA = ( (( R9 / PF ) / AvgR9) * (.260 ^ (1 / 0.4)) ) ^ 0.4
where R9 = Runs per 9 innings (defined differently in each section below)
PF = Park Factor (see explanation in Team section below)
AvgR9 = Average Runs per 9 innings in Year (see each section below)
^ 0.4 makes distribution much like batting average's
Note: Equivalent Average was invented by Clay Davenport as a 'hitter' stat.
My application of EqA to 'teams' and 'pitchers' may differ from what
he would do, and my formulas and park factors for 'hitters' differ,
but my resulting hitter EqAs are very similar in practice.
Estimated Runs Produced: ERP = 0.16*(3H+2D+4T+6HR+2BB+SB-0.605*(AB-H+CS)),
invented by Paul Johnson, more accurate than Bill James' runs created,
background info available at http://www.stephent.com/jays/erp.html
ERPAdj: ratio of league's Runs to ERP, always close to 1.0, .994 in 1980
Age: as of July 1, 1980
Team Stats Glossary:
Runs Scored Per 9 IP: runs scored per 9 innings pitched by the team, not
against the team (the latter would be preferable but is harder to find).
For example, in 1980, the Jays scored 624 runs, allowed 762 runs, and
pitched 1466.0 innings, from which the listed numbers were calculated.
Team Equivalent Average: in EqA formula above, R9 is team's runs scored per
9 IP, and AvgR9 is league average runs per 9 IP (4.52 in 1980)
Opponents' Equivalent Average: R9 is team's runs allowed per 9 IP
Park Factor (PF): divisor which corrects run totals for park effect;
Total Baseball, 5th ed. lists two park factors for each team, one for hitters
and one for pitchers, to correct for the advantage of not facing your own
team's pitching or vice versa, a minor detail. I took the average of the two
park factors for each team and normalized them so that their product was 1.0.
Example, if TB5's park factors were 105 and 106, I would average them to
105.5, which after normalization might be 1.054. To not repeat the 1.0 and
0.9 prefixes excessively, the listed numbers are (PF-1)*100. For example,
the park factor of 1.054 would be listed as 5.4. To get the park factor (PF)
from the listed number, divide it by 100 and add 1. TB5's park factors are
based on data from 1979-1981 except when the park changed.
Hitting Stats Glossary:
Group1: hitters with 9 most plate appearances (more if tie for 9th in PA)
Group2: other hitters with at least 100 PA
Group3: remaining hitters
L/R/S: bats Left, Right, or Switch
EqA: Equivalent Average, in formula above, R9 = R27 * ERPAdj (R27 defined below,
ERPAdj defined above), AvgR9 = 4.52 / 1.04 (estimate of Major League
average from 1980 American League average, 1.04 accounts for DH rule)
BA: Batting Average, (H/AB), inaccurate measure of batting ability (ignores
power, walks, stealing, park factor, league average), use EqA instead
OBP: On-Base Percentage, estimated as (H+BB)/(AB+BB)
SLG: Slugging Average, (H+D+2T+3HR)/AB
R27: estimate of how many runs a lineup of that player would score in a game,
i.e. ERP per 27 outs, in 1980, 25.5*ERP/(AB-H+CS), average roughly 4.52
EqR: Equivalent Runs, park-adjusted Estimated Runs Produced scaled so that
100 represents excellence every year, EqR=(ERPAdj*ERP/PF)*(4.50/AvgR9),
AvgR9 same as in hitter EqA, results similar to Clay Davenport's
R: Runs Scored
RBI: Runs Batted In, inaccurate measure of run production, use EqR instead
D: Doubles, T: Triples, HR: Home Runs, AB: At Bats, BB: Walks
SB: Stolen Bases, CS: Caught Stealing
PA: Plate Appearances (estimated as AB+BB)
Pitching Stats Glossary:
Starting Pitcher = at least one-third of appearances were starts
Group1: starting pitchers with 5 most starts (more if tie for 5th in starts)
Group2: remaining starters
Group3: relief pitchers with 5 most relief appearances
Group4: remaining relievers
W: Wins, L: Losses, L/R: Left-hander or Right-hander
ERA: Earned Run Average (9*ER/IP), ER = Earned Runs allowed
RA: Run Average (9*R/IP), R = total Runs allowed
RA*: RA estimated from ERA because pitcher runs is an astonishingly hard stat
to find for non-recent years; in 1980, estimated as 1.12*ERA
R27: ERP per 27 outs (9*ERP/IP, ERP estimated as below)
IP: Innings Pitched
EqA: Equivalent Average against pitcher, based on ERA, RA* and R27:
in EqA formula, let R9 = (1.12*ERA)/6 + (RA*)/3 + (.994*R27)/2
and AvgR9 = American League average runs per 9 IP (4.52 in 1980),
not as accurate a stat as hitter EqA, but better than just ERA
BA: Batting Average against pitcher
OBP: On-Base Percentage against pitcher (estimated as (H+BB)/(AB+BB))
SLG: Slugging Average against pitcher (uses below estimates of D and T)
HR: Home Runs allowed, H: Hits allowed, BB: walks
K/9: Strikeouts per 9 innings (9*K/IP)
ERP: Estimated Runs Produced against pitcher, estimated as follows:
AB: At Bats, determined from H/BA, rounded to nearest integer
D: Doubles, estimated as .18*(H-HR) (based on 1980 AL average)
T: Triples, estimated as .16*D in 1980
SB: Stolen Bases, estimated as .065*(H+BB-D-T-HR) in 1980
CS: Caught Stealing, estimated as .53*SB in 1980
ERP = 0.16*(3H+2D+4T+6HR+2BB+SB-0.605(AB-H+CS))
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Sources
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Most raw data from Sean Lahman's Baseball Archive, http://www.baseball1.com
Ages, left vs right vs switch, games by position, from The Sports Encyclopedia:
Baseball 17th ed., 1997, David S. Neft and Richard M. Cohen.
Park factors are based on the ones in Total Baseball, Fifth Edition, 1997,
edited by John Thorn, Pete Palmer, Michael Gershman and David Pietrusza.
Also, specific outfield positions (RF, CF, LF) are from TB5.
Equivalent Average and Equivalent Runs are in the same spirit as described by
Clay Davenport in Baseball Prospectus 1997 Edition, Gary Huckabay, Clay
Davenport, Rany Jazayerli, Chris Kahrl, Joseph S. Sheehan,
http://www.baseballprospectus.com/
Estimated Runs Produced is described by Paul Johnson in the The Bill James
Baseball Abstract 1985.
Jays trades are listed in the Toronto Blue Jays Official Guide 1996.
I cannot guarantee that no errors were made in processing or presenting this
information.
--
Stephen Tomlinson http://www.stephent.com/jays/
mailto:stephent@ottawa.com Ottawa, Ontario
"What is the evidence, and what does it mean?" (Bill James)
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Last Updated: 1998 Feb 3
Comments are welcome at comments@stephent.com.